Hydrocarbon-burner.



Patented luly ll, I899.

J. A. MASON.

HYDBOCARBQN BURNER.

(Application filed Mar. 10, 1899.)

.2 Sheets-Sheet I.

(No Model.)

\ZE jlfvveiii A [N VEN TOR WITNESSES A ilorhzy "m: upnms Prrzns co., PHOTO-LITHO..'WASHINQTON, 0 cv Patented July II, I899. .J. A. MASON.

HYDBOCARBON BURNER. (Application filed Mar. 10, 1399. :N0 Modem 2 sheets-Shoe! 2.

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WITNESSES V 'Q'INVBFATTOR 1 ttorney 1n: mums PETERS co. mom-urns. WASHINGTON. u. c,

imam STATES IATENT Grinch.

JAMES A. MASON, OF ALTOONA, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNOR, BY DIRECT AND MESNE ASSIGNMENTS, TO JOSEPH L. GREENW'ALD, TRUSTEE, OF PHILA- DELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA.

HYDROOARBON-BURNER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent 0. 628,826, dated July 11, 1899.

Application filed March 10, 1899. Serial No. 708,575- (NO odel-l To all whom it may concern: which projects some distance above the bot- Be it known that I, JAMES A. MASON, a resitom of the retort, and with this well a branch dent of Altoona, in the county of Blair and 6 of the oil-supply pipe communicates. Both State of Pennsylvania, have invented certain pipes 1 and 6 are provided with needle-valves 5 5 new and useful Improvements in I-IydrOcar 7 8. The retort is provided interiorly on its hon-Burners; and I do hereby declare the folbottom with a series of ribs 9, which serve lowingto beafull, clear, and exactdescription to uniformly distribute the oil entering the of the invention, such as will enable others retort through the we1l5. Aseries of dependskilled in the art to which it appertains to ing jet-tubes E project through the bottom 60 10 make and use the same. 7 of the retort and terminate at their upper Myinvention relates to an improvement in ends near the under face of the top of the hydrocarbon-burners,oneobjectof theinvenretort! The upper end of each jet-tube is tion being to so construct the apparatus as to open and each tube is provided at a point obviate possibility of oil escaping through the below said open upper end with a perforation 65 jet-tubes during the normal operation of the 10 for a purpose hereinafter explained. The burner and to thus insure a constant supply lower ends of the jet-tubes are curved upof vapor to the jets to avoid liability of smokwardly and provided with jets 11, disposed ing and humming, so common with hydrounder and adapted to project flames against carbon-burners. the bottom of the retort. 70 A further object is to produce a hydrocar- In order to regulate the heating capacity bon-burner capable of general application for of the jets, and consequently the degree to domestic, furnace, or boiler heating which which it may be desired to heat the retort, shall be simple in construction and compareach jet 11 is made in three (more or less) atively cheap to manufacture, which shall be sections a Z) c, screwed or otherwise remov- 75 safe and easy to operate and manipulate, and ably secured together. The section a may which shall be effectual in all respects in the have the jet-orifice at its end and may alone perfectperformance of thefunctions required constitute the jet when it is not desired to for all purposes of a heater. heat the retort to a considerable degree. The

lVith these objects in view the invention sections 1) and c are provided with peripheral 80 0 consists in certain novel features of construeseries of jet-orifices b 0.

tion and combinations and arrangements of- The retort B may be provided at its ends parts, as hereinafter set forth, and pointed with arms or projections 12, which serve to out in the claims. support depending legs 13 of two bars or In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is frames 14. The bars or frames 1 1 are each 85 3 5 a plan view of a hydrocarbon-burner embodyprovided with posts or upright arms 15, which ing my invent-ion. Fig. 2 is a sectional view serve to receive and support arms of projecon line a; 50 of Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a sectional tions 16 on the ends of two retorts C D, disview on the line 1 y of Fig. 1. Fig. 4 is a deposed above and at respective sides of the retail view of one of the jets. Fig. 5 is a detail tort B. The construction of the retorts C 0 of part of a jet-tube. and D and the construction and arrangement A represents a base, having a depression of the jet devices cooperating therewith are forming a pan 1 therein. Over this pan a re precisely the same as the retort l3 and the jet tort B is located and may be supported on devices attached to it, and hence it is not necthebase-platein aninclined position by means essary to repeat the detailed description of 5 5 of legs 2. The pan 1 is provided in its bottom these parts in referring to the retorts Oand D.

witha perforated enlargement 3, projecting Branches 17 18 of the oil-supply pipe comabove the face of the bottom of the pan and municate with the wells of the retorts O and constituting a small well, with the bottom of D, and each of said branch pipes is provided which the oil-supply pipe at communicates. with a needle-valve 17 18, whereby to 0011- I00 The inclined retort B is provided interiorly trol the supply of. oil to said retorts. The at its higher end with a well 5, the wall of knob of each needle-valve is provided with graduations 19, which cooperate with pointers 20 to form indicators to denote the quantity of oil being fed to the retorts.

Heretofore much difficulty and annoyance have been occasioned in the operation of hydrocarbon-burners of the class to which my invention relates on account of their liability to smoke, to become clogged, and to hum. The cause of this has been due to the fact that the oil would pass into the jet-tubes and burn at the jets. It is essential to the proper and successful operation of burners of the class to which this invention relates that vapor and vapor alone be burned at the jets, and many unsuccessful attempts have been made to accomplish this. It is believed from experiment that when the retort is supplied with oil and heat is applied under it the vapor generated will invariably go immediately to the top of the chamber and that the air which entered the retort with the oil will become disposed in the chamber between the vapor and the oil. In view of this presence of air between the oil and the vapor considerable suction will be created within the retort, and the oil will be driven into the jettubes even when the inlet ends of the latter are disposed near the top of the chamber. It has been found-by actual experiment that solid particles of metal in the retort have been raised and deposited upon the inlet end of the jet-tubes. It is believed,therefore,that in order to avoid the consequences above enumerated of oil entering the jet-tubes the air in the retort between the oil and the vapor must be removed in a manner and at a time to insure the free entrance of vapor alone into the tubes, and that this I accomplish by providing the jet-tube with the hole 10, which communicates with the interior of the retort at the point therein where the stratum of air will form and preferably in the side thereof toward the oil-inlet. Thus it appears that during the operation of the burner there may always be oil in the bottom of the retort, that above the oil there will always be a stratum of air and above the latter there will be a stratum of vapor, and that vapor will enter the upper end of the jet-tube and the air under the stratum of vapor will simultaneously enter the jet-tube through the hole 10 below the upper end thereof, and the air and vapor will pass to the jets. In this way I am en-. abled to prevent oil from entering the jettubes and still permit a quantity of oil to-be maintained in the bottom of the retort. This maintenance of a quantity of oil in the retort is itself a decided advantage, as it prevents the undue heating of the oil-inlet pipes. This has been demonstrated by experiment.

My improved burner may be used for domestic heating, or it may be made of sufficient size and capacity to supply heat for 10- comotive or other boilers.

Slight changes might be made in thedetails of construction of my invention without departing from the spirit thereof or limiting its scope, and hence I do not wish to limit myself to the precise details herein set forth.

Having fully described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-- 1. In a hydrocarbon-burner, the combination with a retort and a burner, of a feedpipe for the burner projecting into the retort and having its end open near the top of the retort and having a lateral opening communicating with the interior of the retort. 2. In a hydrocarbon-burner, the combination with a retort having an inlet for hydrocarbon oil, of a burner below the retort and a feed-pipe communicating at one end with the burner and terminating at its upper end within the retort near the top thereof, the upper end of the pipe being open and having a hole therein on the side thereof toward the hydrocarbon-inlet and communicating with the interior of the retort.

3. In a hydrocarbon-burner, the combination with a retort having an oil-well therein, the wall of which projects above the bottom of the retort, of a burner, a feed-pipe com m unicating at one end with said burner, the

other end of said pipe being open and communicating with the interior of the retort near the top thereof, said pipe having a lateral opening below said open end and at the side of the pipe toward the oil-well.

4. In a hydrocarbon-burner, the combina tion of a retort, an oil-supply pipe entering the same, one or more burners arranged to heat the retort and a burner feed pipe or pipes leading from the burner or burners into the retort, said feed pipe or pipes each having a portion extending into the retort and freely opening at the upper end into and near the top of the retort, said portion also having a lateral passage through it also opening into the retort above the oil level in said retort but at a lower level than the end opening.

5. In a hydrocarbon-burner, the combination of a retort, a well in said retort having its wall projecting above the bottom thereof, an oil-supply pipe communicating with said well, a jet-tube communicating at its end with the upper part of the retort and com municating below its endwith the intermediate part of the retort.

6. In a hydrocarbon-burner, the combination with a base, a retort thereon, jet-tubes communicating with said retort and discharging under the same, bars supported by said retort, retorts supported by said bars at respective sides of said first-mentioned retort, and jet-tubes communicating with the upper retorts and discharging under the same.

In testimony whereof I have signed this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

. JAMES A. MASON.

Witnesses:

R. S. FERGUSON, W. CLARENCE DUVALL. 

